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Glossary of Map Terms

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GREAT BRITAIN

GB101 - J. RAPKIN "England and Wales" London. 1865. Colored. 13½X10. Very decorative map topped with a splendid lion, unicorn & shield motif in center top, and bordered by leaves & vines with small engraved vignettes in all four corners. Locates counties, cities, market towns & villages, and harbors around the coast. Shows post roads connecting towns; hills & rivers. Depicts Cardigan Bay off the west coast of Wales: the Bristol and English Channels and the Straits of Dover. The Isle of Man and the Isle of Wight. A very attractive, finely detailed map, with excellent color. 

GB102 - A. STIELER "Die Britischen Inseln" Gotha. 1812. Colored. 8½X10½. A fine map of Great Britain published in Germany at the beginning of the 19th. century, shows England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland; the coasts of France, Belgium & Holland with the southern tip of Norway showing just above the North Sea. Locates many cities, market towns & villages with roads connecting towns and leading to harbors around the coasts. On either side of the map are drawn, mountains, hills, peaks & fells of England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland. Yellow border with outline color. Good depiction of Scotland's offshore islands; & St.George's, Bristol & English Channels. The Straits of Dover are called the "Pas de Calais," & the Channel Islands appear off the northwest coast of France. 

GB103 - J. WALKER "England and Wales" London. 1802. Colored. 7½X8½. Attractive small map shows England, Wales and the Scottish border. Depicts counties outlined in different colors. Locates cities, market towns & villages & coastal harbors, in excellent detail & clearly engraved. Shows the Irish Sea & the Isle of Man; St. George's, Bristol & English Channels with a small section of the coast of France. Includes an index table in top right numbering counties as noted on the map. A nice feature on an early map. 

GB106 - J. WALKER "England" London. 1822. Colored. 8¼X7. Finely detailed map shows counties, cities, market towns, villages & harbors clearly depicted throughout England and Wales. Locates the Bristol, St. George's & English Channels. The Irish Sea and the Isle of Man. A very fine map with a light green border & title is spelled out in top right in block lettering. Shows also the Scottish border and the Cheviot Hills, & a small section of the northeast coast of Ireland.

GB108 - ORR & C0. " England and Wales" London. 1850. Colored. 10X8¼. Attractive map shows counties, cites, market towns & villages with post roads connecting towns. Locates all primary harbors around the coasts; the Irish Sea & the Isle of Man, St. George's, Bristol & English Channels. Includes 2 unusual features 1. Employs symbols on the map to show numbers of inhabitants in different regions and 2. along the base of the map are drawn a selection of mountains, fells, hills, valleys & towns and their height above seawater. Yellow border with counties outlined in different colors.

GB118 - CAPT. G. COLLINS "Holy Island Staples and Barwick is most Humbly Dedicated and Presented to Capt. Will Davies, Vice Admiral to the Rt Honorable the Earle of Torrington..." London. 1693 (Colored. I7X22) From 'Great Britain's Coasting Pilot' (1681), the first survey of the coasts of England, Wales & Scotland. This very handsome chart shows the coast of Northumberland with Holy Island & the Staples Islands offshore. Chart locates Sunderland,Bamborough Castle, Buckton; a castle & town on Holy Is. with sandhills and a pond. Ferne Is. Mestone, Crumestone, Middam in the Staples. Includes a decorative compass rose with rhumb lines & bearings. Soundings appear along the shore with shoals & sandbars, channels, rocks. Locates anchorages & includes an inset chart of Barwick - a fortified harbor (now Berwick) and the Tweed River on a handsome banner held up by two angels. Includes a decorative cartouche with title and shield & spears with figure holding a cross; a church, Neptune with trident in scroll motif. A striking early chart. 

GB121 - U. S. HYDROGRAPHIC OFFICE "England - West Coast Great Ormes Head to Liverpool from the Latest British Surveys" Wash. D.C. 1915. Litho color. 26X36. Splendid chart shows coastal topography from Great Ormes Head to Liverpool and thence to Formby Point and Southport. Shows street block plan of Liverpool. The River Mersey, Liverpool Bay. Coastal regions of Denbighshire, Cheshire, Flintshire & Lancashire with all major towns, harbors, roads, railroads. Many detailed soundings offshore with beacons, buoys, channels, shoals, banks. Includes finely engraved drawing of Lighthouses, light ships, marks, beacons & Formby Tower, Includes navigational notes on tides & soundings. Large compass rose decorates the chart. 

GB122 - J. GIBSON "A New & Correct Map of England & Wales. From the latest Improvements." London 1765-78. Colored. 13X8½. Attractive & colorful map shows England & Wales with counties outlined in color. Depicts cities, market towns & villages & harbors around the coasts in fine detail. Locates the Isle of Man & St. George's Channel; the English Channel & the coast of France. Depicts postroads and the Scottish border showing Edinburgh & the Firth of Forth. Very decorative title cartouche in top right is engraved with leaf & scroll motifs and the same motifs decorate the top & bottom borders of the map. 

GB127 - T. KITCHIN "England and Wales with the Roads from the latest Surveys" London. c. 1764. Colored. 14XI3. Handsome map shows counties outlined in different colors. Locates major market towns & villages, post roads, harbors and detailed coastal topography with capes & bays. The North Sea is called the British Ocean. Shows the Irish Sea, the Bristol and English Channels, and the east coast of Ireland. Very decorative title cartouche shows a coastal scene with sailing vessels, sheep, casks and bales with produce on the shore; and a finely engraved compass rose. Includes numbered references to counties . 

GB129 - G. ROLLOS "A New Map of England and Wales Divided into Counties Drawn from the best Authorities." London. c. 1760. Colored. 8X11 Very detailed map shows counties & market towns, harbors, rivers, capes and bays throughout England and Wales. Locates the east coast of Ireland, the Isle of Man and the Irish Sea, the Bristol and English Channels and part of the coast of France, Flanders and Holland to the Zuyder Zee. Includes a very decorative title cartouche with leaf & scroll motifs and a colorful compass rose. 

GB131 - JAMES IMRAY & SONS "Eastern Portion of the English Channel Compiled from Recent Engish & French Surveys." London. 1890. B/W. 50X40½. Superb & intensely detailed chart shows the southern coast of England from Beachy Head, Pevensey Bay, Hastings & Winchelsea in Sussex to Folkstone, Dover, Sandwich, Ramsgate & the Goodwin Sands in Kent; and the French coast from Fecamp, St. Valery en caux & Dieppe to Boulogne, Cape Gris Nez & Calais. Chart includes 8 inset charts of harbors - Dover, Folkstone, Ramsgate, Calais, Boulogne, Dieppe, Fecamp & Treport, all with soundings & navigational notes. Chart shows many soundings overall; landfall approach views; engravings of the South Foreland Lighthouse & the Ramsgate Lighthouse. Locates courses, channels, shoals, banks, inlets, bays & rivers. One of the famous "bluebacked" charts produced in the 19th. century, of the busy shipping lanes between England and France.

GB133 - Chapman & Hall "Yorkshire" London. 1833. Colored. 10X14. Intensely detailed map shows York, Hull, Ripon, Beverly, Sedburgh, Leeds, Sheffield and many smaller towns & villages. Depicts turnpike roads connecting towns. Shows the River Humber flowing down to the North Sea and locates the harbors of Whitby, Scarborough, Flamborough &Hornsea on the sea coast. Includes references to the Wapentakes. A fine county map. 

GB136 - JOHN HAYMSON “The Tower Bridge, London”. c. 1960. 16X12 image size. Watercolor, ink on paper. (Mixed media.) Striking, colorful scene of one end of Tower Bridge, in London, showing a London bus, a cyclist, a van & flower seller off to one side of the sidewalk. The Tower facing center is drawn in fine lines with turrets & windows. Two lamp-posts appear on the street on the side of the flower seller. John Haymson (1902-1980) was a prolific artist who painted both in Europe and in America, featuring famous houses, castles, street scenes in both cities and towns & villages. Landscapes and harbor views. His paintings were very colorful & evocative of so many well-known sites and scenes of the mid-20th century. This watercolor drawing of the Tower Bridge is a fine example of his work.

GB137 - GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE “A Plan of the Navigable Canal making from (near) the City of Coventry to the City of Oxford”. London. 1771. Colored. 6¾X13. Attractive canal map engraved by John Lodge, a master engraver, shows the canal running from the City of Coventry in Warwickshire south to Banbury and then into the county of Oxford & Woodstock as it continues & ends at the City of Oxford. In the 18th century canals crossing the length and breadth of England were used extensively by barges carrying goods & livestock from town to town, and canal maps, such as this one were published in periodicals like the Gentleman's Magazine, as local surveys were not found adequate to show the extent of the water passages for people wishing to transport and receive goods in a more timely manner than road transport could offer. A decorative title cartouche designed in a leaf & scroll motif is included in upper right. A compass rose with pointers indicates direction. 

GB138 - GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE “A Plan of the Grand Canal now making between Leeds and Liverpool”. London. 1772. Colored. 7X16½. Engraved by John Lodge, this fine canal map shows details of the towns through which the canal runs from Liverpool in Lancashire, to Wigan, Blackburn & Clitheroe and thence to Bradford & Leeds in Yorkshire. As noted in GB137 above, the canals were used extensively by barges carrying goods and livestock to markets in major towns and cities. This attractive map is decorated with an ornamental title cartouche in top left, designed with leaf, flower and scroll motifs, & includes a compass rose for direction. 

GB139 - GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE “Plan of the Intended Navigable Canal from Moor Fields into the River Lee at Waltham Abby Surveyed by order of the City of London by Robt. Whitlock”. London. 1774. Colored. 5X20. This is a fine surveyor's map of a proposed canal to be built to connect London at Moor Fields near the River Thames between Blackfriars and London Bridges, connecting into the River Lee on it's way to Waltham Abby in Essex. In England in the 18th century canals were used extensively by barges carrying goods and livestock from town to town across the length and breadth of the country as road travel was still slow and subject to delays. This important survey was published in a major periodical, called the Gentleman's Magazine & included a compass rose with pointers to indicate direction. Fine detail.

GB141 - A. E. LAPIE “Iles Britanniques ou Royaume Uni De La Grande Bretagne Et D'Irlande”. Paris. 1812. Colored. 12X8½. Finely engraved map of England, Scotland and Ireland with all principal cities, towns and harbors clearly delineated. Includes the English Channel and the Isle of Wight, the Bristol and St. George's Channels, all offshore islands and the Hebrides, Orkney and Shetland Islands off the coast of Scotland. Title in top left is on a stone with an anchor & barrel covered with decorative tree branches. From Atlas Complet by C. Malte Brun and A. E. Lapie. Drawn by Giraldon and engraved by J. B. Tardieu. 

GB142 - A. E. LAPIE “Angleterre”. Paris. 1812. Colored. 12X9. Attractive map of England with a portion of southern Scotland, the east coast of Ireland and the French coast on the English Channel. Includes the Bristol & St. George's Channels, the Irish Sea and the North Sea and depicts all major cities, towns and harbors in excellent detail. Title in top right is engraved on a stone block in a fanciful scene with an anchor, compass, globe, telescope, pictures & a bottle. From Atlas Complet by C. Malte Brun and A. E. Lapie. Drawn by Giraldon and engraved by J. B. Tardieu.

GB146 - PIGOT & SON “New Map of England & Wales with Part of Scotland Including the New Lines of Canals, Rail Roads Etc.” London 1838. Colored. 27X20½. Very handsome large map shows counties in different colors with hundreds of names of cities, towns, villages and harbors. Includes an “Explanation” indicating mail roads, turnpike roads, cross roads, railroads, rivers, navigable canals, & cities in capital letters. Figures attached to market towns denote their distance from London. Also locates the English, Bristol and St. George's Channels and the North Sea or German Ocean. The title in top right is engraved in early, very decorative English script with a compass rose placed in top center. A fine map in attractive early color.

GB148 - J. BARTHOLOMEW “England and Wales.” Phila. 1873. Colored. 16X11½. Very detailed map shows cities, towns & harbors, roads and rivers throughout England and Wales. Depicts counties in different colors and includes the English and Bristol Channels, the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands off the northwest coast of France. The map was engraved by John Bartholomew (1860-1920) a member of a famous family of geographers and cartographers from Edinburgh Scotland, who developed contour-layer colouring on maps. This fine map was published by T. Ellwood Zell in Philadelphia for Bartholomew's “Descriptive Hand Atlas of the World.”

GB149 - S. A. MITCHELL “County Map of England and Wales.” Phila. 1870. Colored. 18¼X10¼. Very detailed map shows counties in different colors and depicts cities, towns, villages and harbors in fine detail. Locates primary roads leading to the towns, and shows canals and rivers, parks, and bays and major channels around the coast. The English, Bristol and St. George's Channels and off the north east coast is the North Sea or German Ocean. The place names on the map are clearly delineated and can be easily read. An advantage when searching for specific places. Includes a decorative border frame with grape vine motifs. From Samuel Augustus Mitchell's “New General Atlas”. 

GB150 - S. A. MITCHELL “England.” Phila. 1848. Colored. 15½X12¼. Colorful map of England in the early 19th century, shows counties in different colors. Depicts London with primary roads leading to the City from outlying areas. Locates all major cities, towns, harbors, canals and railroads. Includes 3 inset maps 1. Environs of London, 2. Environs of Liverpool and 3. Scilly Islands. This is a finely drawn map with hundreds of place names noted throughout , and excellent detail of connecting roads between towns and villages throughout the country. Published by Samuel Augustus Mitchell in Philadelphia in 1848.

GB151 - L. DEBUISSONS “Iles Britanniques” Paris. 1874. Colored. 15X11¼. Interesting map drawn to show the railroads emanating from major cities in Great Britain and Ireland. The railroads are depicted in black lines weaving sround and through the countryside. Locates and names many cities, towns, villages and harbors. Includes an engraved view of the Tower of London in lower left with a comment that it dates to the 16th century, and another view in top left of the Thames Tunnel as it appeared after 1865. From “Atlas Migeon Historique, Scientifique, Industriel et Commercial.” Published by Alexandre Vuillemin. Good detail.

GB152 - GREENVILLE COLLINS “To the Honble: The Governor, Deputy Governor and the Committees of the East India Company. This Chart is Humbly Dedicated and Presented by Capt. Greenville Collins. Hydrographer to the King.” London 1693. Colored. 18X22. This is a beautiful chart of Lands End and Lizard Point on Cornwall's most southerly coastal region. In 1681 Capt. Greenville Collins (fl.1669-1694) an officer in the Royal Navy was appointed by the Admiralty to make a complete survey of the coasts of Great Britain. Prior to this date the charts used by English mariners were copies of Dutch charts that had many inaccuracies. The task of surveying the entire coasts was formidable and took about 7 years, at the end of which only 48 surveys were finally used in an atlas titled “Great Britain's Coasting Pilot Being a New and Exact Survey of the Sea Coasts of England, Scotland and Chief Harbours of Ireland,” which came out in 1693. In 1679 Collins had been created a Commander R.N. and was appointed Hydrographer to the King by Charles II. This chart is typical of Collins work, with a highly decorative title cartouche in top right showing figures, a shield, a cornucopia, a trunk and bales of produce and in lower left are two angels with a mileage scale and calipers. A decorative compass rose with fleur-de-lys motif, is drawn in the sea area in lower right with rhumb lines radiating across the chart. This is a scarce edition of a highly decorative 17th century chart.

GB153 - J. VAN KEULEN “Paskaart Van't Canaal Engelandt Schotlandt en Yrland. Naaukeurig. Opgestelt en Dienstig Voor die Achter Yrland Omkomen. Amsterdam by Joannis Van Keulen. Boekyer Kooper en Graad. Boog-Maaker aan de Nieuwen. Brug in de Gekroonde Lootsman.” Amsterdam 1681-1696. Colored. 20X23. This gem of a chart was drawn and engraved under the direction of Joannis Van Keulen (1654-1715) one of Holland's premier chartmakers at the turn of the century. The chart shows England, Scotland and Ireland and the English Channel which is dotted with depth soundings. On the French side of the Channel, in Normandy is a blue shield and crown with fleur-de-lys decorations, and in the sea area are two colorful compass roses with radiating rhumb lines and a ship in full sail cruising offshore. At the top of the chart, covering the east coasts of England and Scotland is a decorative scene of a rural landscape, depicting a young shepherd boy sleeping on the ground along with his sheep and goats. He has taken off his shoes (clogs) & pulled his hat over one eye, while the title is on a banner draped between two trees above the slumbering figure. The chart was published in “De Lichtende Zeefakkel” a collection of charts in two volumes. No. 49. ( Ref. Phillips Atlases. Page 177 #3444, Tooley's Dictionary of Mapmakers. Vol. 3 Page 21. & Koeman's “Collection of Maps and Atlases in the Netherlands”. Leiden. 1961.) A rare copper engraved map in beautiful hand color & fine condition.

GB154 - NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY “Shakespeare's Britain.” Baltimore. 1964. Colored. This colorful map is based on John Speed's map of the “Kingdom of Great Britain & Ireland” from his Atlas of 1611 & shows through drawings & symbols all the places in Britain referenced in Shakespeare's plays. The map is decorated with sailing ships, sea monsters, flags, a compass rose, a unicorn, & a view of London on the Thames River in Shakespeare's time as well as a map with a street block plan of Stratford on Avon, Shakespeare's birthplace. Above the title in top right is a colorful shield topped with a crown & held up by a lion & a unicorn. while a portrait of William Shakespeare (1564-1616) is placed alongside the shield.. Includes a table giving a list of all Shakespeare's plays with British settings. A handsome & decorative map.

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